Razlika između pravde i legitimnosti kao osnova za tumačenje Rolsovog Prava naroda

Članak predstavlja razmatranje Rolsovog koncepta međunarodnih odnosa i analizira pitanja koja su uzrok spornih tumačenja među liberalnim misliocima. Autor polazi od premise da je razlika između pravde i legitimnosti ključna, te da može da objasni većinu spornih mesta, kao i osnovnu nameru i domete Rolsovog učenja. Takođe, tvrdi se kako razlika između „razložnog“ i „pristojnog“, koja je značajna promena u njegovoj koncepciji prava naroda, predstavlja direktan odgovor na Habermasovu kritiku. Autor zaključuje razmatranjem koncepata realističke utopije i izmirenja sa društvenim svetom, i tvrdi da je Habermasova koncepcija „skromnije“ uloge filozofije u modernom društvu u velikoj meri uticala na nastanak i razvoj Rolsovih novih ideja.This article provides an examination of Rawls‘s account of international relations, and discusses some of the issues that sparked debate about it among liberal authors. The author starts with the premise that the difference between justice and legitimacy can explain much of the contested issues, as well as the intent and scope of Rawls‘s approach. Furthermore, it is argued that the distinction between the reasonable and the decent, that characterizes the changes in Rawls‘s view, was specifically formulated as a response to Habermas. The article concludes with the analysis of the notions of realistic utopia and reconciliation with our social world, and argues that Habermas‘s view of a more modest role for philosophy due to »four moral-political liabilities of our time« greatly influences the genesis and development of some of Rawls‘s new ideas

Data Publication for: Cooperative Behavior in the Workplace: Empirical Evidence from the Agent-Deed-Consequences Model of Moral Judgment

Sattler S, Dubljević V, Racine E. Data Publication for: Cooperative Behavior in the Workplace: Empirical Evidence from the Agent-Deed-Consequences Model of Moral Judgment. Bielefeld University; 2022.Moral judgment is of critical importance in the work context because of its implicit or explicit omnipresence in a wide range of work-place practices. The moral aspects of actual behaviors, intentions, and consequences represent areas of deep preoccupation, as exemplified in current corporate social responsibility programs, yet there remain ongoing debates on the best understanding of how such aspects of morality (behaviors, intentions, and consequences) interact. The ADC Model of moral judgment integrates the theoretical insights of three major moral theories (virtue ethics, deontology, and consequentialism) into a single model, which explains how moral judgment occurs in parallel evaluation processes of three different components: the character of a person (Agent-component); their actions (Deed-component); and the consequences brought about in the situation (Consequences-component). The model offers the possibility of overcoming difficulties encountered by single or dual-component theories. We designed a 2x2x2-between-subjects design vignette experiment with a Germany-wide sample of employed respondents (N=1,349) to test this model. Results showed that the Deed-component affects willingness to cooperate in the work context, which is mediated via moral judgements. These effects also varied depending on the levels of the Agent- and Consequences-component. Thereby, the results exemplify the usefulness of the ADC Model in the work context by showing how the distinct components of morality affect moral judgement

Cooperative behavior in the workplace: Empirical evidence from the agent-deed-consequences model of moral judgment

Sattler S, Dubljević V, Racine E. Cooperative behavior in the workplace: Empirical evidence from the agent-deed-consequences model of moral judgment. Frontiers in Psychology. 2023;13.**Introduction** Moral judgment is of critical importance in the work context because of its implicit or explicit omnipresence in a wide range of work-place practices. The moral aspects of actual behaviors, intentions, and consequences represent areas of deep preoccupation, as exemplified in current corporate social responsibility programs, yet there remain ongoing debates on the best understanding of how such aspects of morality (behaviors, intentions, and consequences) interact. The ADC Model of moral judgment integrates the theoretical insights of three major moral theories (virtue ethics, deontology, and consequentialism) into a single model, which explains how moral judgment occurs in parallel evaluation processes of three different components: the character of a person (Agent-component); their actions (Deed-component); and the consequences brought about in the situation (Consequences-component). The model offers the possibility of overcoming difficulties encountered by single or dual-component theories. **Methods** We designed a 2 × 2 × 2-between-subjects design vignette experiment with a Germany-wide sample of employed respondents (N= 1,349) to test this model. **Results** Results showed that the Deed-component affects willingness to cooperate in the work context, which is mediatedviamoral judgments. These effects also varied depending on the levels of the Agent- and Consequences-component. **Discussion** Thereby, the results exemplify the usefulness of the ADC Model in the work context by showing how the distinct components of morality affect moral judgment

Ethical Aspects of BCI Technology: What Is the State of the Art?

Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) technology is a promising research area in many domains. Brain activity can be interpreted through both invasive and non-invasive monitoring devices, allowing for novel, therapeutic solutions for individuals with disabilities and for other non-medical applications. However, a number of ethical issues have been identified from the use of BCI technology. In this paper, we review the academic discussion of the ethical implications of BCI technology in the last five years. We conclude that some emerging applications of BCI technology—including commercial ventures that seek to meld human intelligence with AI—present new and unique ethical concerns. Further, we seek to understand how academic literature on the topic of BCIs addresses these novel concerns. Similar to prior work, we use a limited sample to identify trends and areas of concern or debate among researchers and ethicists. From our analysis, we identify two key areas of BCI ethics that warrant further research: the physical and psychological effects of BCI technology. Additionally, questions of BCI policy have not yet become a frequent point of discussion in the relevant literature on BCI ethics, and we argue this should be addressed in future work. We provide guiding questions that will help ethicists and policy makers grapple with the most important issues associated with BCI technology

Correction: Deciphering moral intuition: How agents, deeds, and consequences influence moral judgment.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204631.]

Ethical Decision-Making in Law Enforcement: A Scoping Review

Decision-making in uncertain and stressful environments combined with the high-profile cases of police violence in the United States has generated substantial debates about policing and created challenges to maintaining public confidence and trust in law enforcement. However, despite the manifestations of reactions across the ideological spectrum, it is unclear what information is available in the literature about the convergence between ethical decision-making and policing. Therefore, an interdisciplinary scoping review was conducted to map the nature and extent of research evidence, identify existing gaps in knowledge, and discuss future implications for ethical decision-making in law enforcement. This review investigates the interaction between the job complexities of policing (psychological and normative factors) and aspects of ethical decision-making, synthesizing three distinct themes: (1) socio-moral dimensions impact the job complexities of police work, (2) lethal means and moral injury influence intuitive and rational decision-making, and (3) police wellness and interventions are critical to sustaining police readiness. Gaps in recruiting, training, and leadership and managerial practices can be broadly transformed to fundamentally emphasize officer wellness and a holistic approach to ethical practices, enabling police officers to uphold the rule of law, promote public safety, and protect the communities they serve